The skin - the largest organ of the human body. The skin covers and protects the bones, muscles, internal organs and helps regulate body temperature. Skin, nails, and hair often reflects the general state of the body and are an important part of a person's appearance. With some of the problems of the skin, hair and nails can manage on their own at home. In many cases, it may require the assistance of a doctor. Doctors who specialize in skin problems are called dermatologists. In some cases, skin problems are solved by allergists.
Black dots (open comedones): It is clogged pores of sebum on the skin surface. Most often they appear on the face, chest, shoulders and back. The appearance of comedones due to a violation of the sebaceous glands of the skin and most often in adolescence. Black or dark gray color of the comedones is due to the oxidation of a substance in a sealed pore. Content comedones may be removed by your doctor.
Dermatitis (also a rash or eczema): It is an inflammation of the skin, which is manifested in the appearance of dry red, itchy spots, similar to the scales. The rash may be related to different reasons: allergies, irritations, and various diseases. There are several types of dermatitis: atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis (allergic reaction of the skin caused by contact with an irritant) and seborrheic dermatitis (itching and flaking of the skin and scalp).
Dry and sensitive skin: If dry skin is often observed irritation, flaking, and even a little itchy. Sensitive skin reacts immediately to a number of external factors: temperature, the wind, various chemicals, etc. Sensitive skin often becomes dry, irritated and reddened. Dry and sensitive skin often becomes on legs below the knee, back of the hands, forearms, and face. This may be due to excessive use of soap, perfume and cosmetic active agents, skin aging, prolonged use in bath or shower water is too hot or too vigorous rubbing with a sponge or a washcloth.
Scabies: When scabies on the skin appears small, strongly itching blisters. The causative agent of scabies is the itch mite. Ticks live deep in the skin where the females lay their eggs. Within 5 days the eggs hatch new insects. Itch does not appear immediately, but after about a few weeks after the mites have settled on the skin. If you have symptoms of scabies, see your doctor. If you really scabies, the doctor will prescribe a lotion that kills the mites and gives necessary recommendations for prevention. All family members also need to prevent use a special lotion. To relieve itching, you can use non-prescription antihistamines. Be sure to thoroughly wash it in hot water all bedclothes and other hygiene items.
Urticaria: It happens when a stimulus causes the cells to release histamine. Histamine, in turn, causes vasodilatation. The fluid accumulates under the skin, and produce large, red, often itchy blisters, called papules. Sometimes they are similar to mosquito bites. Hives of blisters usually appear once a lot, but they are the different size from a pea to 4-6 cm in diameter. They usually pass quickly, in just a few hours. The causes of urticaria often remain unclear, but some people know that certain foods, beverages or drugs may cause them hives. Acute urticaria (e.g., associated with drug administration) can stay on the skin throughout the day. Chronic urticaria (often of unknown origin) may last for weeks. Severe outbreaks of hives can be dangerous, especially if the papules appear on the lips or throat. When severe hives may even occur edema, dizziness, and loss of consciousness.
Scars: Scars are traces of skin left after the accident, operation or illness. Scar formation is a natural process of wound healing when replacement tissue fills the damaged area. The more serious the injury, the longer the wound heals and the more chance of scar formation. Scar formation, size, and color depending on its location on the skin and age. On young skin, scars heal faster and leave fewer traces. The skin in the lower part of the face is quite thin, so the scars in this area tend to be more noticeable. At the beginning of the scars look darker and wider, then gradually fade. To improve appearance and self-esteem, you can use masking cosmetics. To improve the skin condition can be used OTC products containing allantoin, silicone and other substances.
Pigmentation disorders: Pigmentation disorders (skin color) is the incorrect distribution of the pigment in the skin, which may be caused by several factors. Among the most common causes: too intense exposure to the sun, scars, vitiligo, melasma, photosensitivity, and malignant melanoma.
Wrinkles: Wrinkles are one of the most visible signs of aging. The skin loses its elasticity and begins to sag tissue. In the formation of wrinkles, collagen and elastic fibers are compacted, making the skin loses its firmness and elasticity.
When you see you have a variety of changes of the skin, should seek medical advice. Sometimes very serious illness begins with innocent at first glance the changes.
What you can do: If you experience problems with the skin, always consult with a dermatologist, especially if you notice any significant changes in the skin (color, texture, thickness, etc.).
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