Dysplasia - a violation of cellular differentiation, whereby the epithelial structure is violated, there is a polymorphism of cells, increasing the rate of cell division. Cervix - is the lower part of the uterus that connects the vagina with her body. Cervical dysplasia, vaginal and vulva is common diseases that often occur simultaneously. Dysplasia - a violation of cellular differentiation, whereby the epithelial structure is violated, there is a polymorphism of cells, increasing the rate of cell division. According to the depth of destruction of the epithelium are three degrees of dysplasia, mild, moderate and severe. Cervical Dysplasia refers to precancerous diseases, ie diseases that if left untreated can go to cancer . One of the main causes of cervical dysplasia is now considered to infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV virus DNA was detected in more than 90% of patients. People infected with HPV dysplasia occurs 10 times more often than in uninfected. There are m
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Endometriosis - benign disease in which the uterine lining cells may be detected in other organs/tissues. The process can be genital cover and pelvic organs (fallopian tubes, ovaries, ligaments) or/and extra, with the involvement of the abdominal cavity, bladder, lung tissue. The disease occurs in 10-15% of women aged 25-44 years. The cause of Endometriosis The causes of the disease are still not well established. Heredity plays a role. According to many experts, endometriosis, gynecological manifestations of systemic diseases resulting from immune dysregulation and hormonal processes. Risk factors for the development of endometriosis are obstructed labor and childbirth over the age of 30 years, cesarean delivery, abortion, and cervical diathermy, which is often used for the treatment of erosions. If this intervention is carried out on the eve of menstruation, there is a high probability of introduction of endometrial cells in the wound surface and the subsequent development
In vitro fertilization - is one of the treatments for infertility.Infertility - a diagnosis which is put if pregnancy does not occur within 1 year at a regular sexual life. There are a number of reasons that can lead to infertility. You need to understand very clearly that if one of the partners diagnosed with infertility does not mean that the couple could not have children. This means that both spouses must undergo a detailed examination and qualified treatment. According to statistics, more than 50% of these diagnoses are removed as a result of treatment. For the rest, one of the treatment options that offer a modern clinic now is in vitro fertilization ( IVF ). IVF - is one of the treatments for infertility, the essence of which is that the egg is fertilized outside the body and develops future mother. The woman's uterus already transferred embryo (germ consisting of only a few cells). Further stages of fetal development occur in the uterus, just as in natural fertilizati
Follicular ovarian cyst - a benign tumor formation, the thickness of the bubble in the ovary, from which it did not come out the mature egg. It has smooth thin walls and filled with a transparent liquid. Causes of Ovarian Follicular Cyst In the women's ovaries are many follicles - tiny bubbles, which mature egg. The number of follicles does not increase during the life - all of which have already been laid by the time of birth. Normally, in the middle of the gap between the two monthly one of follicles increases in size and moves closer to the surface of the ovary - it is ripened ovum for fertilization. Once during the menstrual cycle matures only one egg. Then ovulation occurs - the follicle increases, broken, and the egg is released from the ovary. It may happen that the next egg is mature, but not out of the follicle. In this case, it continues to grow in size and is converted into the follicular cyst. This can contribute to the following reasons: Disorders of the en
Fibroids - benign tumors: According to statistics, four out of ten women aged 30 to 50 have fibroids (fibroids) of the uterus a single node or cluster of benign tumors of muscle and connective tissue. Some of them are immersed in the uterine wall, while others appear like mushrooms in the uterine cavity. In rare cases they may germinate to the outer surface of the uterus, ranging in size from a few grams to tens of kilograms (record large tumor weighing 67 kg). Fibroids are benign tumors, they do not increase the risk of developing cancer of the uterus and do not become malignant. However, because of their size and location can mask the growth of malignant tumors and therefore needs a thorough diagnosis. Causes of Uterine Fibroids The exact causes are not yet known. However, several studies have shown that elevated levels of estrogen stimulate the growth of these tumors. They tend to decrease and disappear during menopause, and vice versa - estrogen replacement therapy may st
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents endocrine (hormonal) disease where increased and ovaries contain many small bubbles filled with liquid. PCOS - a fairly common disease. Polycystic occurs when the ovaries to produce excess male hormones (androgens), which are normally produced in very small quantities.During each menstrual cycle, the ovarieshaves formed a plurality of small follicles (bubbles) from which can subsequently leave the egg. Normally, in the middle of the menstrual cycle during ovulation (rupture of the follicle), one egg leaves one of the follicles (ovarian any), and other follicles become overripe and no longer work. If PCOS, the egg does not ripen, and ovulation does not occur. The follicles do not break, and fill with fluid and turn into cysts. Accordingly, the ovaries may increase in size and become more than the normal 2-5 times. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome often appear masculine traits such as excessive hair growth on the face and body,
By birth, injuries include a group of diseases that occur in newborns during pregnancy or childbirth and is characterized by the variety of causes and manifestations. What is a Birth Injury? Birth injuries can be divided into mechanical and hypoxic. By the mechanical forms of birth injuries include: generic tumor cephalhematoma (bleeding under the periosteum of the skull bones), bleeding in the muscles a broken bone nerve damage. For hypoxic birth, injuries are lesions of the brain and spinal cord, as well as the internal organs resulting from asphyxia or hypoxia of the fetus and newborn. Risk Factors of Birth Injury prematurity; the low mass of the fetus; overweight fetus; birth pathology transient, prolonged; forceps. Causes of Birth Injury Mechanical injuries are due to the child's size mismatch and the birth canal. On the part of the child - a large fruit, diabetic fetopathy anomalies position (facial, parietal and breech, transverse position
Premenstrual tension syndrome is associated with the consequent fluctuations in the level of hormones in the blood. If suddenly you find that passionately wanted a sandwich with butter, or to cry with emotion at the sight of a small child, or you are painfully wanted to buy a pair of earrings that you are unlikely to wear, stop briefly and ask yourself if you have to start soon monthly. If soon, your unusual behavior may be caused by the premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual tension syndrome ( PMS ). This specific condition, which precedes menstruation in varying degrees, typical for most women. When it's PMS, just try to calm down and control his actions. When will the month, you will return to its normal state? Premenstrual tension syndrome is associated with the consequent fluctuations in the level of hormones in the blood. Previously, the premenstrual syndrome was considered as a psychological disorder, researchers have not yet proven that this condition is organic in
Fungal vaginal infections are most often caused by yeast fungi of the genus Candida (Candida albicans), so the scientific name of the disease is vaginal candidiasis. Itching in the vagina may result from vaginal infection (typically fungal), cystitis or rash (typically called hypersensitive to toiletries or synthetic underwear).Fungal vaginal infections (vaginal candidiasis) are caused by yeast fungi of the genus Candida (Candida albicans), this disease is also called thrush. Causes of Thrush (Candida) Usually, a normal vaginal flora holds Candida excessive breeding. However, sometimes the body having conditions favorable for the prosperity, growth, and reproduction of these microorganisms. Such favorable conditions are: antibiotics (they detrimental effect on healthy microflora, and therefore weaken the protection of the organism); premenstrual changes in acid-base balance in the environment in the vagina; hot and humid weather; the use of vaginal deodorants, bath
Mycoplasmosis - a disease related to genital infections group. It can occur in acute and chronic forms. Mycoplasmas are very small bacteria. They are responsible for diseases of the respiratory tracts and the urogenital tract.They come from the class of the mollicutes (soft-skinned). Characteristic for mycoplasmas is that they are very small and, unlike other types of bacteria, do not have a cell wall but only a membrane. They also have a vesicular, variable shape. Causes of mycoplasma Mycoplasmosis is a disease that is caused by mycoplasma. This type of microorganisms is opportunistic. Ie mycoplasmas may be in the body perfectly healthy people, not manifesting itself. But they can also cause a number of diseases, including urogenital mycoplasmosis. Transmitted mycoplasma, as well as other sexually transmitted infections, by contact, from partner to partner during unprotected sexual intercourse. From an infected mother to the mycoplasma can get into the body and the baby dur
Menopause - a time when menstruation stops. The average age of women at menopause - 51 years, but it can happen as before, and later, between 40 and 55 years. Menopause deemed indispensable aging stage, every woman carries it on his own. Some do not notice any significant changes in the body or in the mind, others feel uncomfortable and do not tolerate this stage of their life. Causes of Menopause Somewhere in the 35 years of a woman's ovaries are beginning to change the amount of produced estrogen, a hormone necessary for menstruation and pregnancy. With age, estrogen becomes smaller. As long as the menstrual period ceases and the woman loses her reproductive function. Changes in the estrogen levels in a woman's influence on many organs, including the heart, bones, urinary tract, skin, hair. Symptoms of Menopause Hormonal disorders that occur before and after the menopause have different symptoms. Menopause symptoms may include: irregular cycles, hot flashes, vagina
Genital herpes - the frequent contagious disease that is accompanied by pain in the genital area. The source of the diseases are lesions which are vesicles. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and the appearance of characteristic lesions in the form of bubbles. The disease is confirmed by microbiological study for which analysis takes on a drop of fluid from one of the bubbles and grown in a special medium for 24-48 h. Causes of Genital Herpes Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus family (Herpes simplex). The disease usually transmitted by sexual contact. The virus can also be transmitted to the baby during birth if the mother at this time there is a herpes infection in the active phase. In rare cases, the infection can occur contagious in the toilet, the toilet, or other situations where the virus can accumulate. Previously it was thought that Herpes simplex type 1 causes the symptoms of colds and rashes in the form of bubbles on the lips (herpes labialis)
Miscarriage, also known as spontaneous abortion - is the expulsion of the product of conception, that is, the fetus from the uterus before it is capable of independent existence (before 20 weeks gestation). Early miscarriages occur in the first trimester of pregnancy and occur in 10-30% of women. This may occur at such early stages of pregnancy, a woman may not even know that she is pregnant. Signs of miscarriage with almost no, unusually painful menstruation. Causes of Miscarriage (Abortions) Early miscarriage: fetal defect, the fetus or the placenta. infectious diseases, e.g., mumps, chicken pox, measles, rubella. hormonal imbalance (deficiency of essential hormones - progesterone). an autoimmune reaction when the mother's immune system cells to damage the fruit. Late miscarriage: Pathology of the placenta and the cervix. The action of toxic substances, including certain medications, cigarette smoke, alcohol, and chemicals. Miscarriage. symptoms Persiste
Endometritis and Cervicite (endocervicite) have similar pathogens and often accompany each drugu.Imenno so information about these diseases is placed in a single article. The uterine cavity is lined by columnar epithelium, called the endometrium. The uterine cervix was isolated vaginal two parts, which as well as the vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium and cervical canal. cervical canal, uterus similarly lined with columnar epithelium and endocervical called. In this article, we have combined the inflammatory diseases of the uterus and the endocervical endometritis and endocervix. These diseases have similar pathogens and often accompany each other. Causes:- Causative agents of endometritis and endocervicitis are most often of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, of Chlamydia trachomatis. In the case of ascending infection (which rises on female genital tracts from the vagina) agents may be Pervotella spp ., Peptostreptococcus spp ., Gardnerella vaginalis , Haemaphilus influenza
Ectopic pregnancy : After fertilization, the sperm, the egg enters the uterus and attach to its wall. Here, in the subsequent development of the fetus and the placenta is formed will occur. The attachment of the egg to the other atypical places called an ectopic pregnancy. In most cases, the fertilized egg at an ectopic pregnancy is embedded in the wall of the fallopian tube. Less commonly, it remains in the ovary or on its surface or in the follicle - the bubble in which there was an egg maturation. Even more rarely, the egg passes through the fallopian tubes into the stomach and settles on the internal organs. In most cases, an ectopic pregnancy occurs between the ages of 25-30 years. Recently, she began to meet more often. The causes of ectopic pregnancy:- In normal fertilization, - compound oocyte with sperm, - occurs in the fallopian tube. Then, the fertilized egg is fed back to the uterus wall and on which is deposited. This process may be disrupted as a result of the
Infertility: Ten to 15% of couples in the United States are infertile. Causes of infertility or reproductive problems include disease and aging. Male infertility is as common as female infertility. It is a disease of the reproductive system. About 30% of infertility can be attributed to male factors, and about one third (30%) can be attributed to female factors. In about 20% of cases infertility is unexplained, and the remaining 10% of infertility is caused by a combination of problems in both partners. It should be understood that this in no way means that the pair will never be able to have children. In many cases, infertility can be successfully treated. Causes of infertility :- According to statistics, 40% of infertile couples can not conceive because of problems related to male health, 40% - due to the problems of women and 20% - a combined infertility when there is a combination of male and female infertility. Any irregularities in the process of maturation of gametes and